India+(1005-1008)+2

__** Story **__ The story was that of Shanfei, a young Chinese woman whose life was effected by the new social changes brought on by new ideologies and nationalist movements that swept the world. Her life was transformed by the Great Depression and the Great War, and she even became a member of the Communist Party. In all four regions, Post WWI saw numerous changes and challenges. __**Asian Paths to Autonomy:**__ -European ideas of nationalism and socialism started to develop in __#|parts__ of Asia in the decade following WWI -India and China followed in the footsteps of Japan -Japan used militarism and imperial expansion to further develop its national identity - Each country had different goals to establish social order -India: gaining independence from Britain -China: fight between Nationalist and Communist Parties -Japan: conquests that focused on China
 * India (1005-1008) **

India's Quest For Home Rule
-India was brought together by a rail network that brought every India closer together -Because India was so large, the British controlled India through elite India administrators -As such, Britain created education systems that instilled democratic values in India -The Indian national congress, founded in 1885, was organized by elite Hindus and Muslims to develop Indian independence from Britain - The Muslim league was founded in 1906 over fears that Hindus were dominating the country - Indians rallied to Britain during the Great War but eventually scarcities of goods led to unrest -Indians had numerous influences that caused them to want self determination - Unrest begins __**Mohandas K. Ghandi**__ (1869-1948) DH -Educated in Law > Studied in London, then moved to South Africa to work with an Indian Firm -Embraced a//himsa// (Tolerance and Non-violence) and //satyagraha// (truth and firmness), Studied Bhagavad Gita = Sacred Hindu Writing -Practiced simple living > renounced material possessions and dressed in garbs of an Indian peasant -Transformed Indian National Congress into effective tool for Indian Nationalism -Was called "Mahtama" - "Great Soul" -Fought to end injustices of Caste System > Called Untochables "harijans" meaning "Children of God" -Launched two movements.. the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1920-1922 and the Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930 a. Called on Indian Peoples to __#|Boycott__ British goods and wear homespun clothing -Called for NO VIOLENCE a. British retaliated in 1919 in Amritsar in Punjab, killing 379 unarmed Indian peoples in a crowd
 * __Indian National Congress__**

-went into effect in 1937 in order to stop the movement for self-rule
 * __The India Act__** AN

-was unsuccessful

 * ====600 nominally sovereign princes refused to cooperate====
 * ====Muslims feared that Hindus would dominate national legislature====

-Great Depression worsened conflicts between Muslims and Hindus
====-Muhammad Ali Jinnah (1876-1948) was a lawyer who headed the Muslim League and warned that a unified India threatened Muslim faith and Indian community; he proposed adding Pakistan to settle the growing conflict====
 * ====Muslims were the majority of indebted tenant farmers who were increasingly unable to pay rents and debts and their landlords were mainly Hindus====

THEMES
Interaction between humans and the environment
 * Depression meant little food and poor agriculture conditions

Development and Interaction of Cultures
 * Indian National Congress founded i 1885: enlisted support of Hindus and Muslims and first stressed collaboration with British to bring Indian self-rule but after war, congress pursued goal in opposition of British
 * Muslim League: Formed 1906: added new current into movement for national liberation

State building, expansion, conflict
 * Prolonged period of disorder and struggle after the war
 * Rise of communism and Nationalism
 * Great Depression
 * Asian leaders began to avail themselves of European ideologies (nationalism/socialism)
 * In India quest for national identity focused on gaining independence form British
 * British created elite of educated Indian administrators to control India
 * Under Ghandi: Non Cooperation Movemnt of 1920-1922 and Civil Disobedience Movement of 1930

Creation, expansion, interaction of economic systems
 * In India vast railway exported raw materials and contributed to national unity

Development and transformation of social struct
 * Ghandi was detemined to berid the caste system injustices and fought to improve the status of the Untouchables, whom he called children of God "harijans"