The+African+Diaspora+(712-718)

= The African Diaspora (712-718) =
 * The African Diaspora refers to the dispersal of African people and their descendants
 * 50% of the slaves from Africa ended up in the Caribbeans and another 33% went to Brazil

=__Life on the plantations__ (DL)= =__Slaves' resistance__ (DL)=
 * The first plantation was founded in 1516 on Hispaniola by Spanish colonists
 * The main cash crops of plantations were sugar, tobacco, rice, indigo, cotton, and coffee
 * There were gardens on plantations to feed the people on the plantation
 * There were be a hundred of more African slaves and just a few Europeans supervising them
 * Working slowly for their master but working hard on their own gardens
 * Sabotaging of equipment and work routines
 * Running away, slaves that ran away were called maroons
 * Revolts
 * Revolts caused widespread fear among people but never abolished slavery due to Europeans being able to put them down with superior weaponry
 * In 1793, slaves revolted in Saint-Domingue and abolished slavery there and declared independence from France, renamed it Haiti

=__African-American Culture__ (DL)=
 * Slaves preserved their African culture by mixing it with European and American traditions
 * Slaves spoke a creole tongue that drew on several African and European languages
 * Many slaves converted to Christianity, but this Christianity was mixed with African religion
 * Slaves combined their African foods with European foods to make new dishes, such as Gumbo
 * Slaves introduced rice to the tropical and subtropical regions
 * Slaves made their houses, pots, and baskets in their native African styles

**__The End of the Slave Trade and Abolition of Slavery__** (SD) Abolition was old as slave trade. American French Revolution stimulated it. American called for **//Life, Liberty,//** and **//Pursuit of Happiness.//** French appealled for **//Liberty, Equality,//** and **//Fraternity.//** Both suggested universal human right to freedom and equality.

===**Olaudah Equiano**=== Slave revolts in 1700-1800 made slavery expensive and a dangerous business. Freed slaves contributed by exposing butality through books. Olaudah Equlano (1745-1797) was most noted by his 1789 published autobiography on his experiences a a slave and a free man. He was captured at age 10 and purchased his freedom in 1766. His book became a best seller and traveled around the Brithish Isles preaching about the evils of slavery. His efforts strengthened the antislavery movement in England.

**The Economic Costs of Slavery**
Economic forces also contributed to the end of slavery and slave trade. Plantations, Slavery, and Slave Trade continued as long as they were profitable, but it became clear it did not come cheap. Possible Rebellions forced slave cocieties to have expensive military forces. Owners still had to care for the slave no matter how hard he/she worked. Late 1700's sugar production expanded in the Caribbean and prices declined. At the same time fresh slave prices increased.

Profits of slavery declined so Europeans began to shift investments from sugarcane and slaves to manufacturing industries. European's realized leaving slaves in africa they could exchange raw material for manufactured goods as a good business. Thoughts of Africa became more than just a source for slave labor.

**End of Slave Trade**
In 1803 Denmark abolished slave trade. Quickly others followed 1807 - Great Britian 1808 - United States 1814 - France 1817 - Netherlands 1845 - Spain Slave Trade became illegal British Patrolled ocean and siezed ships with slaves in them The last documented slave ship was in Cuba in 1867

**The Abolition of Slavery**
Abolition of Slavery was more drawn out. Emancipation of all slaves came in 1833 from Great Britian Then in 1848 - France 1865 - Cuba 1865 - United States 1886 - Cuba 1888 - Brazil 1960's - Audi Arabia and Angola Offically Slavery no longer exists. The legacy of Atlantic Slave Trade remains visable throughout western hemisphere, where the African Diaspora has given rise to distinctive African - American communites.